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Criterion couldn't have chosen better than Wim Wenders' luminous Wings of Desire (Der Himmel über
Berlin) Blu-ray release. The mysterious, lyrical fairy tale is stylized to present 1987 Berlin as a sad city
divided by an oppressive wall. "Heaven over Berlin" reaches back to classic German Expressionism for its
effects yet has a very modern surface. It became one of the most popular art films of the 1980s, advancing
director Wenders into the league of great world filmmakers.
The citizens of the gloomy West German capitol worry in silence about their families and responsibilities,
unaware that a host of meditative guardian angels is keeping silent watch. These quiet, thoughtful figures
gravitate toward souls in distress, soothing them with their invisible touch. The angels are in awe of the human
spirit; every so often one desires to be alive so much that they make the transition to the "real" world.
Melancholy angel Damiel (Bruno Ganz) falls in love with a beautiful trapeze artist, Marion (Solveig Dommartin)
and takes the plunge into mortality. Watched over by his comrade Cassiel (Otto Sander), Damiel experiences the
taste of food and the chil of the cold. He receives special tips from another former angel, actor Peter Falk
(Peter Falk), who is shooting a movie in Berlin. Marion's circus has disbanded, forcing the no-longer-omniscient
Damiel to search the city for her.
The Wim Wenders achieves a contemplative tone difficult to describe. The angels that wander the Berlin
thoroughfares and loiter in its public places are glimpsed with wings only once or twice. Invisible, they listen
to the living with sympathetic eyes and ears. All thoughts are audible in the angels' world, filling trains and
street corners with inner voices looking for answers. The angels come close when they're needed, comforting those
who suffer. Although they can't change reality, the Angels can raise the spiritual morale of those they touch. We
feel a profound uplift when Damiel brings a glimmer of hope to a discouraged man on a train.
These phantoms appear to be God's Lonely Men (and women), constantly hovering about us, connecting with our
spiritual selves. Damiel attends to a victim of a traffic accident as he sits dying by the curbside, perhaps
already perceiving the afterlife and vaguely aware of Damiel's presence. Innocent children can see the angels,
and accept them for what they are. A child points to a winged angel standing atop a tall building, but his
parents pay no attention.
The film's realistic surface offsets its fanciful central conceit. The angels perceive Berlin in bleak B&W. A
very real library interior is a favorite angel hangout, implying that people become more spiritually receptive
when reading. Damiel and Cassiel spend are intrigued by Homer (Curt Bois), an old man they find meditating over
old books. They listen as Homer describes the pre-war Berlin, before the bombs; he's the memory of a past that
will disappear when he dies. To the angels humans are special and precious, possessed of a power they envy, to
actually be alive. They study us as if hoping to discover our secret.
Wenders and his co-writer Peter Handke use the cruel barrier of the Berlin Wall as a metaphor for the alienation
and loneliness of humankind. Damiel and Cassiel can of course pass through the wall, and stroll unharmed through
its no-man's land sown with land mines and overseen by machine guns. The political power of these images in 1988
was tremendous -- the wall seems a social obscenity, a malign curse. 1
Wings of Desire's emotions become personal through Damiel's love for Marion, the beautiful trapeze artist.
He watches her perform for a children's matinee in the modest little circus tent. The tent-full of little kids,
none of which seem to have been spoiled by video games or TV, react with sheer delight to the antics of the
spirited performers. Damiel then experiences "intimations of mortality" represented by short cuts to color -- the
way normal humans perceive the world. This taste of life convinces Damiel to forego his immortality in favor of
the short years of one mortal lifetime, as a living person.
The formerly serene spirit is suddenly reborn into the world he only thought he knew. He asks strangers the
colors of things and sticks his nose in a cup to smell the coffee. Damiel learns what being cold is like and how
frustrating it is to be hindered by things like chain-link fences. We want to clap as he discovers, one after
another, the marvels of human living. After an hour of teaching us to appreciate the spiritual, Wings of
Desire rejoices in the miracles of everyday reality.
Peter Falk's ex-angel introduces an element of amusement. We listen to the actor's thoughts as he sketches extras
or observes preparations in a bunker being used as a movie set. Falk teases Damiel and assures him that the real
fun will be discovering life for himself. For Damiel, this means tracking down the missing Marion. The circus has
left town, and he can only hope he'll find her in the street, or at a concert. And when Damiel does find Marion,
how will he declare himself?
Wenders receives excellent creative help from the legendary Henri Alekan, the cinematographer of Cocteau's
Beauty and the Beast. The film's visuals shift from silvery God's Eye aerial views to the dim rooms and
streets of the city below. Jürgen Knieper's music is dominated by soulful violins and cellos. The circus
orchestra and the droning Rock music of Nick Cave provide a good contrast, but the string passages establish the
ethereal atmosphere. Wenders would use similar music and a dozen disparate pop songs brilliantly in the science
fiction masterpiece that Wings of Desire made possible, Until the End of the World.
Criterion's Blu-ray edition of Wings of Desire is a wonderful addition to the top rank of favorite discs.
Wim Wenders supervised and approved the Hi-Def transfer, which replicates the theatrical experience without the
flickering and scratches. The transitions between B&W and color are finely judged. The HD resolution shows the
B&W grain as a very fine pattern -- the film frequently resembles a photographic art print, that moves.
The extras were all sourced from the director; some were on MGM's standard DVD released six years ago. A
comprehensive docu called The Angels Among Us explains the film's odd genesis. After years of 'road
pictures' and work in America, director Wenders searched for a significant "German" theme to mark his return
home. An interview and a docu excerpt highlight the contribution of Henri Alekan, then over eighty years old. The
docu shows us Alekan's favorite camera filter, a women's stocking from the pre-war days. The docus also show the
process of deciding how the angels should be costumed and how they should behave.
A long selection of deleted scenes will amuse fans, as several go off in odd, unconstructive directions.
Galleries of art designs and trailers are included. The audio is in the original German, French and English with
English subtitles.
It's been pointed out that nothing in Wings of Desire indicates that its angels are Christian in concept.
Earthly churches play no part and the angels never go to a temple or a chapel to find troubled souls. Wings of
Desire avoids the pitfalls of most other fantasies about the afterlife by not imposing a specific moral
structure on its cosmic fairy tale.
Footnotes:
1. When the film was made in 1986-87, nobody could have guessed that the Berlin Wall would be history in just two
years' time. Wings of Desire is a key film about what the division really meant. Wenders' followup feature
Faraway, So Close is a joyous elaboration on this story, but set as it is in a reunited but undecided
Germany, it has political complications that unbalance the first film's simple setup. Its new fallen angel, for
instance, develops an alcohol problem.
For more information about Wings of Desire, visit The Criterion
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by Glenn Erickson
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